The breastbone, ribs, shoulder blades and most of the bones of the skull fall into this category. They have two sides of compact bone more or less parallel, separated by a layer of cancellous bone. Sesamoid bones are a special type of short bone embedded in a tendon, this is the peculiarity of the kneecap.įlat bones are thin and often slightly curved. This is the case with the bones of the wrist, ankle, phalanges. Short bones are more or less cubic and mainly contain cancellous bone, the compact bone forms only a thin layer on their surface. The radius, the humerus, the tibia, the femur… belong to this anatomical variety.
They include a central body and two ends. This name reflects their morphology and not their size.
Each bone has a particular shape that meets a specific need. Several anatomical varieties of bones are distinguished ( Figure 1). Platelets are small elements that have the essential role of initiating blood clotting in the event of a wound. White blood cells or leucocytes are of different types (polynuclear cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, etc.) and are responsible for the body’s defense against infections. Red blood cells or red blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to cells throughout the body and thus allow them to function. At the level of this marrow are created the various blood cells. In addition to this mechanical function of supporting the body and protecting the organs, the skeleton has two other main functions.Ī function of controlling the phosphocalcic metabolism: under the effect of mechanical pressures, the constant remodeling of bone tissue causes the release or storage of mineral salts: it thus ensures (jointly with the intestine and the kidneys) the control of the metabolism phosphocalcic.Ī hematopoietic function: the bones contain the hematopoietic marrow in their medullary spaces. It is also a dynamic fabric, constantly remodeled, capable of adapting its density to the stress to minimize stress in the most stressed areas. Bone tissue is one of the strongest tissues in the body.
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